2009

I have lots to write, but I am lazy.

hmm...let's see, what I did during the holiday?
Movie, movie, movie, my computer got too much movie for me to finish, I thought can complete all of them in this month, but now not even 50% I managed to watch.
Also busy with Christmas Events.
Then hang out with almost the same people..haha..
hmm...nothing much..

Oh, or maybe I should ask what happened or what I did for the whole year of 2009.
This year, is special for me, is a year with some ups and many many downs.
Yea, every one do have their ups and downs for this year, nothing special.
But for me, it is relatively special as before that, I lived a 'dull' life, no big things happen, no drama, no rumors, no betrayer, no breaking apart, no harassment....
The 'dull' life is actually a peaceful life for me, I hate dramas, hate all that I mentioned above.
But, I did learned a lot if I were to see it from the bright side.

According to time,

The Fake Feeling.
The real but unaware feeling.
The betrayer.
The lesson of trust.

The 1 day camp.
The unaware falling in.
The 1st msg.
The practice.
The sports.
The strong feel.
The 1st tp.
The 2nd tp.
The burning heart.
The confession.
The transition.
The success.
The mistakes.
The total failure.
The transition.
The Obsession.
The slowly leaving God.
The starting of the bad news.
The path of finding the answer.
The worst day ever.
The pain.
The pictures.
The final decision.
The healing.
The distance....

The harassment by a psycho.
The dramas.

These are just part of my 2009 but greatly affects me.
90% of it are something bad.
Some of them are still unsolved and they are no ways I can solve it too.
They can only be slowly diluted in the river of time.

And the biggest problem, which remain till now, is my relationship with God.
Is a spiritual war.
Lord, please let me win over the war.

No matter what, Life goes on and another year is waiting ahead of us.
How will be the year 2010?
No one knows.
But we will write it ourselves.

Christmas Eve '09

Suddenly, Christmas Eve~
Haha, yea, suddenly, 2009 is coming to end, it is fading.
We are approaching the 10th year of 21st century.

Don't know since when, every year during Christmas, I will have the same feeling.
I didn't enjoy this special event entirely.
I don't know how to describe the feeling, happy+XXX, as time passes so so fast.

Ok, let's see, today: port klang, breakfast, bank, hospital, bank, bank, bank, church.

I am proud to say that for nearly 10 years I didn't enter hospital.
I guess the last time I entered hospital was bacause my dad had operation to remove his gall.
Today, I stepped inside hospital again.

And this time, with a totally different feeling.
I know, deep down in my heart, if I can, I want to become a doctor.
BUT, yea, BUT, I know I can't face all those flesh and blood.
And today, as I stepped inside the hospital , I decided to observe, to see clearly, IF I were to see a 'bloody person', and IF I can bear the feeling, then I will rethink of whether should I pursue for medicine.

So I went in.
I saw nothing as I walk up to 3rd floor.
Then I entered the wad where all the patients are victims of road accident.
Yea, my dad's friend was involved in an accident.
He ride motorbike, bang on 1 car, fly up, helmet drop, and then drop down on the road.
His left brain was dead and now is in a state of coma.
His right hand can move, and can see he breathing very hard, but he can't wake up.
Is very sad to see him like that.
And his wife was sucking his phlegm from his throat when we reached there.
Yea, doctor open 1 hole in his throat and every hour the wife need to suck out the excess phlegm from his throat. It hurts.
But he can't do anything except keep shaking his body while the wife suck the phlegm from his throat.

Ok, back to me, as I walked in, my heart beat very fast, I knew I was walking into an 'accident wad', the patients there sure will be very 'ugly'.
But, how to say leh, the visit to the wad didn't give a result of whether I am able to bear the 'bloody' scene as all the patients are 'clean' and bandanged.
So, nothing 'big' that I can see. lol....
Maybe next time I should take a visit to the emergency room.

So, the decision after a visit to the hospital is the same as before, no medicine.

So yea, this is something that I would like to record here during this special Christmas Eve after sooo long never update this blog.

Lastly, Merry Christmas!
Jesus came to the world to save us.
Believe in HIM and we will be saved!

Oh, by the way, I went to HTAR.

Requirement to enter IPTA

Minimum Requirement:
SYARAT KHAS PROGRAM PENGAJIAN
KEMASUKAN KE IPTA
SESI AKADEMIK 2009/2010
PROGRAM PENGAJIAN LEPASAN STPM/SETARAF


Requirement for all courses:
UM
UKM
UPM
UTM
UMS
UNIMAS

Souce: http://www.quansheng.org/

Let's keep moving

Bio 2 , PA 2, Chem 2, Math 1...all DOWN!!
Hahaha.. Left Math 2 and the other are objective paper~

For me , 3 quarter of the battle is over after Math 2...
What leftover are just objectives paper.

Yea, objectives, which are soooo important to compensate the mistakes u made in paper 2 and determine where you stand.
They are relatively easy compared to paper 2, but don't because they are 'easy' so you don't study, or you tell yourself that you have studied during paper 2 , so paper 1 don't need to study d...
Take them seriously, as serious as how you treat paper 2.
They are tricky.

I don't want to comment on how was the paper or how I did.
What is done is done. Nothing can be changed.
So don't look behind, but keep moving forward.

That's all.
All The Best!

擦肩而过 | ca jian er guo

Lee Sheng Jie

Verse 1:
我爱着谁
wo ai zhe shui
Who is the one that I'm loving?

爱到我有点醉
ai dao wo you dian zui
Love till that I'm a little bit drunken

告诉我你是谁
gao shu wo ni shi shui
Please tell me who you are

能够把我让我变不对
neng gou ba wong rang wong bian bu dui
that (you) can make me become so 'wrong'

Verse 2:
你不会累
ni bu hui lei
You won't feel tired

但我却爱你爱得好累
dan wo que ai ni ai dao hao lei
But I love you until I feel exhausted

从没有为了谁
cong mei you wei le shui
Never before (that I) because of someone

不顾安危 付出一切
bu gu an wei fu chu yi qie
I gave everything of mine without considering the consequences

Bridge:
站在这平衡点
zhan zai zhe ping heng dian
Standing at this position of equilibrium

我还是觉得有点危险
wo hai shi jue de you dian wei xian
I can still feel the danger

或许是看不见
huo xu shi kan bu jian
Maybe is because that I can't see

只能够靠感觉
zhi neng gou kao gan jue
But only able to depend on (my) feeling only

Chorus 1:
他不会是个好男人
ta bu hui shi ge hao nan ren
He will definitely not be a good man (for you)

也不会是个好情人
ye bu hui shi ge hao qing ren
And surely won't be a good couple/lover

你对我说 我们只是擦肩而过
ni dui wo shuo wo men zhi shi ca jian er guo
You told me that we are just 'brush pass' each other

好的男人有那么多
hao de nan ren you na me duo
There are so many good guys out there

少了他的日子也能过
shao le ta de ri zi ye neng guo
You surely can go through the days without him

Chorus 2:
我不会再让你寂寞
wo bu hui zai rang ni ji mo
I won't let you to be lonely anymore

也不会让你更难过
ye bu hui rang ni geng nan guo
And also won't let u to be more sad

你听我说 要好好学着去生活
ni ting wo shuo yao hao hao xue zhe qu sheng huo
Please listen to me, you must learn how to move along

就算未来有多少错
jiu suan wei lai you duo shao cuo
No matter how many mistakes/fault is going to happen in the future

至少还有我的问候
zhi shao hai you wo de wen hou
At least you will still have my greetings

我的温柔陪你度过
wo de wen rou pei ni du guo
And my care to accompany you to get through everything

Verse 3:
你听我说
ni ting wo shuo
Please listen to me

你不要这么做
ni bu yao zhe me zuo
Please don't do this

你不要看着我
ni bu yao kan zhe wo
Please don't look at me

说你已经知道怎么做
shuo ni yi jing zhi dao zen me zuo
And tell me that you already know what to do

Verse 4:
你很难受
ni hen nan shou
You are feeling very pain

我愿意陪你一起承受
wo yuan yi pei ni yi qi cheng shou
But I am willing to support and be with you

只要你不怕痛
zhi yao ni bu pa tong
As long as you don't scare the pain

再多坎坷我都陪你走
zai duo kan ge wo dou pei ni zou
No matter how rough and tough also I will go through it with you

#Repeat Bridge till End

安静 | An Jing | Silence

Jay Chou

Verse 1:
只剩下钢琴陪我谈了一天
zhi sheng xia gang qin pei wo tan le yi tian
Only left the piano accompany me throughout the day

睡着的大提琴
shui zhao de da ti qin
The sleeping cello

安静的旧旧的
an jing de jiu jiu de
Is quiet and old

Verse 2:
我想你已表现的非常明白
wo xiang ni yi biao xian de fei chang ming bai
I think that you have made yourself clear

我懂我也知道
wo dong wo ye zhi dao
I know and I am sure

你没有舍不得
ni mei you she bu de
That you didn't regret


你说你也会难过我不相信
ni shuo ni ye hui nan guo wo bu xiang xin
You told me that you will feel sad too, I don't believe

牵着你陪着我也只是曾经
qian zhe ni pei zhe wo ye zhi shi ceng jing
Holding you accompany me, everything had become the past.

希望他是真的比我还要爱你
xi wang ta shi zhen de bi wo hai yao ai ni
Hope that He really will love you more than I do

我才会逼自己离开
wo cai hui bi zi ji li kai
Then only I will force myself to leave

Chorus 1:
你要我说多难堪
ni yao wo shuo duo nan kan
You want me to say how suffer am I

我根本不想分开
wo gen ben bu xiang fen kai
I actually don't want to break up (with you)

为什麽还要我用微笑来带过
wei shen me hai yao wo yong wei xiao lai dai guo
But why I still need to get through it with smile?

我没有这种天份
wo mei you zhe zhong tian fen
I don't have the talent

包容你也接受他
bao rong ni ye jie shou ta
To ''compromise'' that you actually accepted him

不用担心的太多
bu yong dan xin de tai duo
But (you) don't worry (about me)

我会一直好好过
wo hui yi zhi hao hao guo
I will still be fine

Chorus 2:
你已经远远离开
ni yi jing yuan yuan li kai
You've walked very far away (from me)

我也会慢慢走开
wo ye hui man man zou kai
And I also will slowly go away

为什麽我连分开都迁就着你
wei shen me wo lian fen kai dou qian jiu zhu ni
Why is it that I have to accommodate you even when (we) break up?

我真的没有天份
wo zhen de mei you tian fen
I really got no talent

安静的没这麽快
an jing de mei zhe me kuai
Won't be quiet so fast

我会学着放弃你
wo hui xue zhe fang qi ni
I will learn to give up on you

是因为我太爱你
shi yin wei wo tai ai ni
Is because I love you too much!

愛不疚 |Ai Bu Jiu| Love without regret

Lam Fong

Verse 1:
收藏在眼眸 常徘徊左右 愛猜到沒有
shou chang zai yan mou chang pai huai zuo you ai cai dao mei you
Hiding(my love), (my love)wandering. Hadn't you knew it?

愉快玩笑後 能全然退後 你開心就夠
yu kuai wan xiao hou neng quan ran tui hou ni kai xin jiu gou
After the joyful moment(with you), I'm still able to 'retreat', as long as you feel happy

Pre-chorus 1:
這種感覺太親厚 講一千句也不夠
zhe zhong gan jue tai qin hou jiang yi qian ju ye bu gou
This kind of feeling is profound, undescribable
假使講了你聽到後 或會走
jia shi jiang le ni ting dao hou huo hui zou
You may leave me if I were to say it out
這種戀愛太罕有 不須真正擁有
zhe zhong lian ai tai han you bu xu zhen zheng yong you
This kind of love is rare, not necessarily that it must belong to me.
成全 衷心祝福然後 就放手
cheng quan zhong xin zhu fu ran hou jiu fang shou
___** , sincerely wish you, then I will let go

Chorus 1:
放手 放開所有 彼此更自由
fang shou fang kai suo you bi ci geng zi you
Let go, let go everything, we will be free
放手 其實我絕非愛得不夠
fang shou qi shi wo jue fei ai de bu gou
Let go, it is definitely not because I didn't love you enough
放手 豁出所有 還有這個好友
fang shou huo chu shou you hai you zhe ge hao you
Let go, decided to let go regardless everything, at least you are still my friend
已經 已經足夠
yi jing yi jing zhu gou
And it is enough for me

Verse 2:
遙遠是宇宙 靜靜在背後 去看守就夠
yao yuan shi yu zhou jing jing zai bei hou qu kan shou jiu gou
The universe is far and quietly behind me, I just need to watch over it

Pre-chorus 2:
這種感覺太親厚 講一千句也不夠
zhe zhong gan jue tai qing hou jiang yi qian ju ye bu gou
This kind of feeling is profound, undescribable
即使一剎有過衝動 挽你手
ji shi yi sha you guo cong dong wan ni shou
Even though at that moment I have the urge to hold your hand
這種戀愛太罕有 不須真正擁有
zhe zhong lian ai tai han you bu xu zhen zheng yong you
This kind of love is rare, not necessarily that it must belong to me.
成全 多捨不得仍然 是放手
zheng quan duo she bu de ren ran shi fang shou
___**, no matter how reluctant am I, I will still let go

#Repeat Chorus 1

Last chorus:
放手 我的牽掛 找不到盡頭
fang shou wo de qian gua zao bu dao jin tou
Let go, the extent that I miss you is so much that I can't find an ending to it
放手 期望你幸福甚麼都有
fang shou qi wang ni xing fu shen me dou you
Let go, hope that you will be happy and have everything
也许 愛很深厚 然而我早看得透
ye xu ai hen shen hou ran er wo zao kan tou
Maybe, my love is very profound, but I understand that
放手 至可擁有
fang shou zhi ke yong you
only let go, then only I can possess.


*成全- Help somebody to fulfill his wishes

Hey, this 1 is very hard to translate, tried my best, hope you can understand..><
And the pinyin is in chinese, not in cantonese.

At last..

Another 16 hours , I will be sitting in the exam hall taking Bio Paper 2.

Finally, the day has come... Time flies, 1 and a half year just passed like that....

I don't know how will it be.

But I know, God will be always be with me, and with you, who will be sitting in the exam hall.

Remember, you are not fighting the war alone.

Just have a little faith, in yourself and also in Him.

Matthew 24, 25

Matthew 24

Signs of the End of the Age

¹Jesus left the temple and was walking away when his disciples came up to him to call his attention to its buildings. ²"Do you see all these things?" he asked. "I tell you the truth, not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down."

³As Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to him privately. "Tell us," they said, "when will this happen, and what will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?"

⁴Jesus answered: "Watch out that no one deceives you. ⁵For many will come in my name, claiming, 'I am the Christ, ' and will deceive many. ⁶You will hear of wars and rumors of wars, but see to it that you are not alarmed. Such things must happen, but the end is still to come. ⁷Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in various places. ⁸All these are the beginning of birth pains.

⁹"Then you will be handed over to be persecuted and put to death, and you will be hated by all nations because of me. ¹⁰At that time many will turn away from the faith and will betray and hate each other, ¹¹and many false prophets will appear and deceive many people. ¹²Because of the increase of wickedness, the love of most will grow cold, ¹³but he who stands firm to the end will be saved. ¹⁴And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.

¹⁵"So when you see standing in the holy place 'the abomination that causes desolation, spoken of through the prophet Daniel—let the reader understand— ¹⁶then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. ¹⁷Let no one on the roof of his house go down to take anything out of the house. ¹⁸Let no one in the field go back to get his cloak. ¹⁹How dreadful it will be in those days for pregnant women and nursing mothers! ²⁰Pray that your flight will not take place in winter or on the Sabbath. ²¹For then there will be great distress, unequaled from the beginning of the world until now—and never to be equaled again. ²²If those days had not been cut short, no one would survive, but for the sake of the elect those days will be shortened. ²³At that time if anyone says to you, 'Look, here is the Christ!' or, 'There he is!' do not believe it. ²⁴For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform great signs and miracles to deceive even the elect—if that were possible. ²⁵See, I have told you ahead of time.

²⁶"So if anyone tells you, 'There he is, out in the desert,' do not go out; or, 'Here he is, in the inner rooms,' do not believe it. ²⁷For as lightning that comes from the east is visible even in the west, so will be the coming of the Son of Man. ²⁸Wherever there is a carcass, there the vultures will gather.

²⁹"Immediately after the distress of those days
" 'the sun will be darkened,
and the moon will not give its light;
the stars will fall from the sky,
and the heavenly bodies will be shaken.'

³⁰"At that time the sign of the Son of Man will appear in the sky, and all the nations of the earth will mourn. They will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of the sky, with power and great glory. ³¹And he will send his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other.

³²"Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its twigs get tender and its leaves come out, you know that summer is near. ³³Even so, when you see all these things, you know that it is near, right at the door. ³⁴I tell you the truth, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened. ³⁵Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.

The Day and Hour Unknown

³⁶"No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father. ³⁷As it was in the days of Noah, so it will be at the coming of the Son of Man. ³⁸For in the days before the flood, people were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, up to the day Noah entered the ark; ³⁹and they knew nothing about what would happen until the flood came and took them all away. That is how it will be at the coming of the Son of Man. ⁴⁰Two men will be in the field; one will be taken and the other left. ⁴¹Two women will be grinding with a hand mill; one will be taken and the other left.

⁴²"Therefore keep watch, because you do not know on what day your Lord will come. ⁴³But understand this: If the owner of the house had known at what time of night the thief was coming, he would have kept watch and would not have let his house be broken into. ⁴⁴So you also must be ready, because the Son of Man will come at an hour when you do not expect him.

⁴⁵"Who then is the faithful and wise servant, whom the master has put in charge of the servants in his household to give them their food at the proper time? ⁴⁶It will be good for that servant whose master finds him doing so when he returns. ⁴⁷I tell you the truth, he will put him in charge of all his possessions. ⁴⁸But suppose that servant is wicked and says to himself, 'My master is staying away a long time,' ⁴⁹and he then begins to beat his fellow servants and to eat and drink with drunkards. ⁵⁰The master of that servant will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he is not aware of. ⁵¹He will cut him to pieces and assign him a place with the hypocrites, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

Matthew 25

The Parable of the Ten Virgins

¹"At that time the kingdom of heaven will be like ten virgins who took their lamps and went out to meet the bridegroom. ²Five of them were foolish and five were wise. ³The foolish ones took their lamps but did not take any oil with them. ⁴The wise, however, took oil in jars along with their lamps. ⁵The bridegroom was a long time in coming, and they all became drowsy and fell asleep.

⁶"At midnight the cry rang out: 'Here's the bridegroom! Come out to meet him!'

⁷"Then all the virgins woke up and trimmed their lamps. ⁸The foolish ones said to the wise, 'Give us some of your oil; our lamps are going out.'

⁹" 'No,' they replied, 'there may not be enough for both us and you. Instead, go to those who sell oil and buy some for yourselves.'

¹⁰"But while they were on their way to buy the oil, the bridegroom arrived. The virgins who were ready went in with him to the wedding banquet. And the door was shut.

¹¹"Later the others also came. 'Sir! Sir!' they said. 'Open the door for us!'

¹²"But he replied, 'I tell you the truth, I don't know you.'

¹³"Therefore keep watch, because you do not know the day or the hour.

The Parable of the Talents

¹⁴"Again, it will be like a man going on a journey, who called his servants and entrusted his property to them. ¹⁵To one he gave five talents of money, to another two talents, and to another one talent, each according to his ability. Then he went on his journey. ¹⁶The man who had received the five talents went at once and put his money to work and gained five more. ¹⁷So also, the one with the two talents gained two more. ¹⁸But the man who had received the one talent went off, dug a hole in the ground and hid his master's money.

¹⁹"After a long time the master of those servants returned and settled accounts with them. ²⁰The man who had received the five talents brought the other five. 'Master,' he said, 'you entrusted me with five talents. See, I have gained five more.'

²¹"His master replied, 'Well done, good and faithful servant! You have been faithful with a few things; I will put you in charge of many things. Come and share your master's happiness!'

²²"The man with the two talents also came. 'Master,' he said, 'you entrusted me with two talents; see, I have gained two more.'

²³"His master replied, 'Well done, good and faithful servant! You have been faithful with a few things; I will put you in charge of many things. Come and share your master's happiness!'

²⁴"Then the man who had received the one talent came. 'Master,' he said, 'I knew that you are a hard man, harvesting where you have not sown and gathering where you have not scattered seed. ²⁵So I was afraid and went out and hid your talent in the ground. See, here is what belongs to you.'

²⁶"His master replied, 'You wicked, lazy servant! So you knew that I harvest where I have not sown and gather where I have not scattered seed? ²⁷Well then, you should have put my money on deposit with the bankers, so that when I returned I would have received it back with interest.

²⁸" 'Take the talent from him and give it to the one who has the ten talents. ²⁹For everyone who has will be given more, and he will have an abundance. Whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken from him. ³⁰And throw that worthless servant outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.'

The Sheep and the Goats

³¹"When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, he will sit on his throne in heavenly glory. ³²All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate the people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. ³³He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left.

³⁴"Then the King will say to those on his right, 'Come, you who are blessed by my Father; take your inheritance, the kingdom prepared for you since the creation of the world. ³⁵For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, ³⁶I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me.'

³⁷"Then the righteous will answer him, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you something to drink? ³⁸When did we see you a stranger and invite you in, or needing clothes and clothe you? ³⁹When did we see you sick or in prison and go to visit you?'

⁴⁰"The King will reply, 'I tell you the truth, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers of mine, you did for me.'

⁴¹"Then he will say to those on his left, 'Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels. ⁴²For I was hungry and you gave me nothing to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me nothing to drink, ⁴³I was a stranger and you did not invite me in, I needed clothes and you did not clothe me, I was sick and in prison and you did not look after me.'

⁴⁴"They also will answer, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or needing clothes or sick or in prison, and did not help you?'

⁴⁵"He will reply, 'I tell you the truth, whatever you did not do for one of the least of these, you did not do for me.'

⁴⁶"Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life."

The Signs...

Just to complaint

Computer spoilt, now back but got no sound...ish!

I forgot everything that I have studied..geng right? Brain malfunction now.....
Omg, I am going to screw that exam man!

These day keep got headache, but just 1 side only.
According to kp, it is migraine. Damn shit, I never have migraine in my entire life, now suddenly got, stupid!

Feel very pek che!
When study time, feel like vomiting everything, sick of book; when rest time, feel guilty of not studying, I have lots more thing to catch up, to know, to recall...
The most pek che is things that once I knew very well, but at this crucial time, I forgot them, or when I revise them, I feel confuse, like everything mess up, suddenly I 'dun understand' what I am reading, is like all the subjects suddenly become strange to me...

ok, nothing, just to complaint, maybe after I release here will become better..hopefully.

Hope I won't disappoint you all...Thanks for putting hope in me..

如果我变成回忆 If I become a memory

Tank

Verse 1:
累了
lei le
Tired

照惯例努力清醒着
zao guan li nu li qing xing zhe
As usual, trying hard to keep myself awake

也照惯例想你了
ye zao guan li xiang ni le
And as usual, I think about you.

好怕一放心睡了
hao pa yi fang xin sui le
Afraid that when I fall to sleep

心跳在梦中不听话的
xin tiao zai meng zhong bu ting hua de
My heartbeat will disobediently

就停止了
jiu ting zhi le
And stopped

Verse 2:
听着
ting zhe
Listening

呼吸像浪潮拍动着
hu xi xiang lang cao bai dong zhe
My breathing, like the tidal wave, fluctuating

越美丽越让我忐忑
yue mei li yue rang wo tan te
The more beautiful, the more fear I feel.

我还能珍惜什么
wo hai neng zhen xi shen me
What can I still appreciate

如果我连自己的脉搏 都难掌握
ru guo wo lian zi ji de mai bo  dou nan zhang wo
If I can't even control my own pulse

Chorus 1:
如果我变成回忆
ru guo wo bian chng hui yi
If I become a memory

退出了这场生命
tui chu le zhe chang sheng ming
And quit this life

留下你错愕哭泣
lui xia ni cuo e ku qi
Leaving you crying alone

我冰冷身体 拥抱不了你
wo bing leng shen ti  yong bao bu liao ni
But my cold body can't embrace you

想到我让深爱的你人海孤独旅行
xiang dao wo rang shen ai de ni ren hai gu du lv xing
When I think that I am leaving you(the one that I love) to travel alone in the crowd

我会恨自己 如此狠心
wo hui hen zi ji  ru chi hen xi
I will hate myself for being so cruel

Chorus 2:
如果我变成回忆
ru guo wo bian cheng hui yi
If I become a memory

终于没那么幸运
zhong yu mei na me xing yun
Unfortunately

没机会白着头发
mei ji hui bai zhe tou fa
I don't have the chance with my white hairs,

蹒跚牵着你看晚霞落尽
pan shan qian zhe ni kan wan xia luo jin
hobbling, holding and watch the sunset with you

漫长时光总有一天你会伤心痊愈
man chang shi guang zhong you yi tian ni hui shang xin quan yu
As the time passed, your wound will be healed 

若有人可以让他陪你
ruo you ren ke yi rang ta pei ni
And if there's someone willing and can accompany you

我不怪你
wo bu guai ni
I won't blame you

Verse 3:
快乐
kuai le
The joy and happiness

什么时候会结束呢
shen me shi hou hui jie shu ne
When will it end

哪一刻是最后一刻
na yi ke shi zui hou yi ke
When will be the last moment

想把你紧紧抱着
xiang ba ni jin jin bao zhe
Want to hug you as firmly as possible

可知你是我生命中的
ke zhi ni shi wo sheng ming zhong de
Do you know that you are the one in my life

最舍不得
zui she bu de
That I can't leave the most

(Repeat Chorus 1 and 2)

Last Chorus:
如果我变成回忆
ru guo wo bian cheng hui yi
If I become a memory

最怕我太不争气
zui pa wo tai bu zheng qi
What I afraid the most is I wlll be too

顽固地赖在空气
wan gu de lai zai kong qi
stubborn and live in the 'air'

霸占你心里每一寸缝隙
ba zan ni xin yi mei yi chun feng xi
And dominant every space in your heart

连累依然爱我的你痛苦承受失去
lian lei yi ran ai wo de ni tong ku cheng shou shi qu
And let you (the one that still love me) to suffer the lost (of me)

这样不公平 请你尽力
zhe yang bu gong ping  qing ni jin li
This is unfair! Please try your best 

把我忘记
ba wo wang ji
To forget me

Kean Peng, learn!
Specially translate for you de... haha!
Hope you will understand my translation, ignore the broken english.

Random Note

-Some people damn perasan, cant stand it.

-Today I am the only survivor in my class. haha...So nice to sit at the class alone and study.

-Feels like I am a living zombie, but can't stop study, cause after slack for so long, LOTS to catch up, and I keep forget what I have studied....Ish, no time d...I want to freeze the time!

-Facebook kena hack, shit!

-Can't wait for 10 Dec.

Everyone 'Jia You' ba!

><

Grrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr........Gaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa......
Gooooooooooooooooooooo.......Geeeeeeeeeeeeeee........

Ish! Cis! Shitsss!

Feel very PEK CHE!

Nothing happened.

STPM fault!

Special Multiplication Method

I got this from an email, which I found it very interesting and useful.
Try to calculate 17×18 manually, I mean in your brain.
Does it takes a long time for you to get the answer?

Here is an easy way.

Take the first number(17) add with the unit number of the second number (8).-----(=25)
Multiply the result with 10-------(25×10=250)
Multiply the unit number of the 1st and 2nd number (7×8)---------(56)
Take 250+56=306, and that's your answer.

Example 1:
14×13：
(1)14+3＝17
(2)17×10＝170
(3)4×3＝12
(4)170+12＝182

Example 2:
16×17：
(1)16+7＝23
(2)23×10＝230
(3)6×7＝42
(4)230+42＝272

This method is valid from 11×11 to 19×19.

ACS Chinese Society Lian Yi Hui 2009 Opening Ceremony Video (Jumper)

Eat and Sleep

Finally I feel hungry.
For don't know how long I always feel that my stomach is very full, don't have the appetite to eat.
But now, I can eat d~^^
Surprise of the amount that I put inside my stomach for lunch and dinner just now.

Finally I feel sleepy.
For don't know how long I cant sleep, body feel tired, but mind is awake.
But now, I can sleep d~^^
But I think is over d, like keep want to sleep, always feel sleepy....==''

Do I sound like a PIG??

Can someone motivate me to start study?

Slacking week

Slacked for 1 week after trial, didn't do anything at all, except math 2 correction..

Today I told myself to start study, but don't know when I look at the book , I felt tired, and I went to sleep. Slept almost the whole day.

Then knew someone did some crazy stuff. Maybe is good to do that.
Then went to my 2nd guitar practice, the 1st was on Thursday, tomorrow going to play, 1st time, quite nervous.
I can play alone but can't sync with the piano, for slow song.
After back to home from practice, I keep practice again and again, try to recall how the piano speed, and play...till I tired, now just pray that I'll managed to synchronize with the piano well tomorrow.

Lastly, hope the season is ended, entirely.

Chinese Society 2009 Farewell Video

Chinese Society 2009 Farewell Video.

Lazy to comment.
I like it ^^

Source: Lower 6 Setia Blog

Trial

Yo WORLD~! How are you all~?

I am fine yet not fine.
Deceiving myself everyday, hope that 1 day what am I deceiving myself now will become the truth.
Yea, it'll be, 1 day, is just the matter of time, and it totally depends on me.

Trial finally ended.
Always the same feeling, Bio feels good, Math feels ok, chemistry and pa feel sucks!
But this time, chemistry and pa is SUPER DUPER SUCKS!

This is the last exam that I will be taking in school, for form 6.
And is the exam that I don't care the most.
Yea, I admit, I didn't take it seriously. Just don't have the exam mood.

I remembered during mid-term, chinese society and something was bothering me, but I somehow managed to overcome all the things that bothered me and make myself calm and study, though it was like 1 week before the exam, but at least I studied.
This time, another thing+few more things bother me. And I failed to take them off my mind.
I tried to concentrate and yea I did succeed for few times, but the other few times I failed.
Every night I'll keep turn on my bed, cant sleep, then morning need to force myself to awake.

Don't know why this year keep like that, when exam is near, bad news will come to me and bad things will happen.

Yea, Don't Care!
Is not easy to Don't Care, it just hurt every time when I do not care.
And now, + 1 more thing, Don't Care my trial result, since I also not so care about it when I was sitting the exam. The consequence will be the same, the result will hurt me.

Now what I hope is everything will be peaceful till 10 Dec.
I believe It WILL^^

Am going to be the guitarist for Sunday school this Sunday.
It will be my 1st time to stand on stage to play, to use plug-in guitar, to play with piano.
So many 1st time, and at the same time my guitar skill is very Not good.
Feeling nervous, and I know that I'll not be able to play well.

Everything will be fine!

Final Decision

Don't Care!

Too late to make this decision.
I can say BYE BYE to my trial edi..

Having Flu now! Shit!

I was out of it.

Now I fall back in again.

It just stabbed me, deeply.

Haih..

1 week had passed.

Sometimes, somehow, everything are just too complicated.

人与人之间的矛盾，冲突，复杂的关系真的是没完没了。

有时，我真的想丢开现在所有的一切，去一个没有人认识我的地方，从新开始。
但是我知道，这样做等于懦夫，这样做是很不负责任的。

其实，一切的事情并不复杂，只是人把它弄得复杂而已。
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What's wrong with this world? (refer to something which I really cant accept, but the world take it as very normal.)
Is like, what the heck! This world had changed to the extent such that they accept all the 'wrong' and 'abnormalities' to be right, to be normal; and they debate over it, to prove that they are right, is nothing wrong and is not abnormal.

Come on la, if it is wrong, means wrong. No matter how you twist and turn, it is still wrong!

I am referring to most of the people out there, where they are brain-washed by don't know what, I don't know how they come to this, who started all this, or they are so stupid till that they brain wash themselves?
Or is some phenomena like hysteria? where 1 people started it then it will spread, spread to those originally-normal-people, but because they don't have a strong and rational mind, they trap themselves in it too, and started to shout like mad people.

Most of the time, Things are not 'majority wins'.
You can't accept something as truth, as right, as correct just because majority of the people out there say that it is truth, it is right, it is correct!

Because, truth is truth.
It can't be changed because most of the people want to change it.
This shows the selfishness of human beings.
They use 'force' to let the truth 'down', for their lust, for their own advantage, to get what they want.
They protest, they purpose a lot of their own reasoning, trying to change truth to untruth, the untruth to truth.

Enough said.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tomorrow, 1 of my friend, Mathew, is leaving to UK, for 1 and a half year or longer.
He will be going there alone! Totally ALONE!
Salute his courage.

Really Thank God for him.
Is like just know him for not long then he is leaving edi.
He is one the nicest person that I have ever met.

Thank you for teaching me guitar, and guiding me to be a guitarist.

Though my guitar skill still not good now, but I promise that I won't disappoint you, I am practicing it now everyday and will keep on doing it.
Hope that when you come back, I'll be a pro guitarist. haha!

祝你一路顺风 ，上帝必定会看顾保守你的。
All The Best!

Jay's Chords

Dear Father Lord in Heaven,

Please forgive everything that I have done.
I was lost
I abandoned you
But you didn't abandon me.
You kept asking me to go back to you.
But I just ignored.
I just want to do it my ways, which I know is wrong.
I realized, but I ignored.
I was self-centered and it makes me fall.

At last, I am awaken by your voice.
At last, I realized how wicked and how sicked I was.
Thank God for not abandon me when I was lost.
Thank God for bringing me back to the right path.
Thank God for holding me all the way.

I don't deserve all that.
Thank God for loving me.

Guide me for everything that is going to happen next, let me know what to do.
Let me follow your will, cause your will will always be done and it is good.
Hold me and grant me strength.

Thanks God for everything.

In Jesus name I pray,
Amen.

At last, I broke down.

The missing piece of puzzle is found.
The hidden truth is uncovered.
The whole picture is clear.

I am stupid to realize it so late.

No words to describe my feeling now.
Thank God that I didn't collapse totally.
Thank God for protecting my life, grant me the rationality, so that my life was not harmed.

Though its bleeding but I think I can be normal,
not by myself, but with God's strength.

Should I stay or let go?

STPM Time Table

STPM Time Table

Everything is in a mess now..
I am worried, worry about you..

I really want to be there with you when u face problem, let you to have a person to talk to, let you to have a shoulder to cry on.

But I know that you wont tell me anything, no matter how I ask.

I am already avoiding you cause I know that my present will actually make you feel more stress, though I actually really really want to be with you.

But when I see the problem that you are facing, I feel that I am so useless, I can do nothing, not even can be there with you, because you don't want to.

You had learn how to hide your problem, me too, especially in front of you, I will hide everything.

You know, besides this, I heard something about you, which I don't know is true or not.
I am telling myself don't believe it, and disproving it; but there's another voice that tell me to believe, and proving to me.

I don't know, really don't know. Cause if it is the true, I might just collapse.
When I think of this, I can't breath, I can't move.

It is too serious for me to accept this.

Indeed, you have changed, when I think of the past, tears will flood my eyes. I keep asking why, why everything turn out to be like this, why we can't just stay in the past, where everything were so clean, so pure, so beautiful...

Types of Mutation

Type of Mutation (Outline)
1. Gene Mutation
-Substitution - Eg of disease: Sickle Cell Aneamia
-Insertion (Frame Shift Mutation)
-Deletion (Frame Shift Mutation) - Eg of disease: Thalassemia
-Inversion

2. Chromosomal Mutation
A) Changes in Chromosomal Structure (Aberration)
-Inversion
-Deletion
-Translocation
-Duplication

B)Changes in Chromosomal Numbers
i)Aneuploidy
.Monosomy - Eg of disease: Turner Syndrome
.Trisomy - Eg of disease: Klinefelter's Syndrome & Down Syndrome
ii)Polyploidy
.Autopolypoidy
.Allopolyploidy- Eg: Halophyte Grass, Spartina Anglica(2n=122)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.Gene Mutation
-Gene Mutation is changes in nucleotide base sequence in a gene.
-The change of a single nucleotide base pair is called a point mutation.
-Gene mutation that causes alteration in reading frame of triplet code is known as frame shift mutation.
-Nonsense mutation mutates triplet code for an amino acids into a stop code (ACT,ATC, ATT)

~Substitution
-Only one nucleotide is replaced with different base
-Missense mutation produces different DNA sequence which will be transcribed into different mRNA compared with normal mRNA. mRNA will be translated producing polypeptide with different sequence.
-Nonsense mutation converts amino acids specifying codon on mRNA to termination(stop) codon.
Disease: Sickle Cell Anemia
-Haemoglobin is a quaternary structure protein that consist of 4 tertiary structure globular protein.
-2 of the globular proteins are made of alpha-polypeptides and another 2 is made of beta-polypeptide.
-beta haemoglobin polypeptide is a sequence of 146 amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
-The sixth amino acid is beta-polypeptide is Glutamate, it is represented by triplet code CTT in the gene for beta-polypeptide.
-To form sickle cell recessive allele (HBs), gene mutation involving single base pair substitution occurs.
-Nucleotide containing Thymine base in triplet code CTT is substituted with nucleotide containing Adenine to form new/mutated triplet code CAT.
-Triplet code CAT codes for Valine.
-In human that have 2 recessive allele for sickle cell, genotype (HBs HBs), sickle cell anaemia occurs.
-In these condition, globular proteins(tertiary) in haemoglobin made of beta-polypeptide becomes fibrous(secondary) if partial pressure of oxygen become low
-This causes red blood cell to become sickle.
-Sickle red blood cell is less efficient, it has reduced capacity to transport oxygen, anaemia occurs.
-Sickle cell anaemia patient need regular blood transfusion or bone marrow transplant.
-Heterozygous human, genotype (HBa HBs) have mild anaemia.

~Insertion (Frame Shift Mutation)
-Involves insertion or addition of base pairs.
-1 or 2 nucleotide base pairs are inserted into nucleotide sequence of a gene.
-Causes alteration of the reading frame - entirely new sequence of amino acid is produced after point of insertion.
-May cause nonsense mutation or produce new sequence of amino acid.

~Deletion (Frame Shift Mutation)
-Involves the loss of 1 or more nucleotide from a gene.
-Causes alteration of the reading frame - entirely new sequence of amino acid is produced after point of deletion.
-May cause nonsense mutation of produce new sequence of amino acid.
Disease: Thalassemia
-Thalassemia is a disorder that affects function of Red Blood Cell.
-There are 2 types of Thalassemia, alpha and beta Thalassemia.
-Each type is further divided into Thalassemia major and Thalassemia minor.
-Beta-Thalasssemia is more common.
-Beta-Thalassemia is caused by gene mutation involving single base pair deletion in the gene for beta-polypeptide.
-This causes synthesis of non-functional beta-polypeptide as frame shift mutation occurs.
-In human that are homozygous recessive for beta-Thalassemia have Thalassemia Major.
-Excess of alpha-polypeptide causes deformation of red blood cells, the red blood cells are destroyed by phagocyte(macrophage) in the body.
-Severe anaemia occurs because of lack of functional red blood cell.
-Destruction of Red Blood Cell and through intake of diet, the patient has excess iron ions.
-The patients has to go through iron chelation process to remove excess iron ions in body.
-Patient need regular blood transfusion or bone marrow transplant.
-Thalassemia minor patient have mild anaemia.

~Inversion
-Involves reversal of a portion of a nucleotide sequence.
-Base sequence after point of inversion remains same.


2. Chromosomal Mutation

A) Changes in Chromosomal Structure (Aberration)
-Chromosomal Aberration occurs due to structural changes in chromosome.

~Translocation
-is movement of a part of a chromosome to another part of genome or within same chromosome.
-Intra-chromosomal translocation is movement of a part of chromosome to another part of the same chromosome or homologous chromosome.
-Inter-chromosomal translocation is movement of a part of chromosome to another non homologous chromosome.

~Deletion
-Deletion is the loss of chromosomal fragment.
-Produces deletion loop between homologous chromosome.
-Eg: Cri-du-chat(cry like a cat) syndrome- small head, facial abnormalities and mentally retarded.

~Inversion
-Involves the change of direction of chromosomal segments.
-Results from a segment that has broken out of the chromosome and rejoins at the same site but with inverted direction.
-Produces inversion loop between homologous chromosome.

~Duplication
-Is the doubling of one or several chromosomal fragments.
-Involves the insertion of an extra copy of a region of the chromosome into a neighbouring position.


B)Changes in Chromosomal Numbers
-Chromosomal mutation involving changes in number of chromosome are caused by non-disjunction of chromosome.
-Non-disjunction of chromosome is failure of chromosome to segregate during cell division.
-Failure of segregation of homologous pairs occurs in Meiosis I while failure of segregation of sister chromatid occurs in Meiosis II or during mitosis.
-Eg of chromosomal mutation involving changes in number of chromosome is monosomy (2n-1) and trisomy (2n+1)
-Euploidy is the presence of normal number(2n) of structurally normal chromosome in genome/cell.

i)Aneuploidy
-Aneupoidy is the presence of abnormal number of chromosome that is caused by non-disjunction.

~Monosomy-Disease: Turner Syndrome (Sex chromosome Abnormalities)
-Female that have only one X chromosome, genotype 44+XO
-Female with this genotype may be produced through these situation.
.Non disjunction of sex chromosome occurs during oogenesis to produce ovum that lacks sex chromosome, genotype 22+O. This mutant ovum is fertilised with sperm containing X chromosome ,genotype 22+X.
.Non disjunction of sex chromosome during spermatogenesis to produce sperm that lacks sex chromosome, genotype 22+O. This mutant sperm is fertilised with normal ovum with genotype 22+X.
-Female with this syndrome have incomplete development of ovary, they are sterile and does not have menstrual cycle. They are usually mentally retarded.
~Trisomy- Disease: Klineflter's Syndrome (Sex chromosome Abnormalities)
-Male that have more than one X chromosome.
-The most common genotype is 44+XXY.
-Human that have genotype 44+XXY may be produce in these situation:
.Non disjunction of sex chromosome occurs during oogenesis in Meiosis I or Meiosis II to produce mutant ovum with genotype 22+XX. The ovum is fertilised by sperm that has Y Chromosome, genotype 22+Y.
.Non disjunction of sex chromosomes occurs during spermatogenesis in Meiosis II to produce mutant sperm with genotype 22+XY. The sperm fertilises normal ovum, genotype 22+X.
-Males with this syndrome are sterile because testis development is not completed.
-Because of the presence of 2 X chromosomes, they have development of female secondary sexual characteristic such as enlargement of breast.
-They are generally tall and have less body hair.

~Trisomy- Disease: Down Syndrome (Autosomal abnormalities)
-Down Syndrome occurs in human that have 3 chromosome number 21 in genome of a cell They have total 47 chromosome (normal:46) , they syndrome is also known as Trisomy-21.
-Non disjunction of chromosome no 21 occurs during gametogenesis to produce a gamete that have 2 chromosome no 21 besides normal number of other chromosome.
-The mutant gamete is fertilised by a normal gamate which has 1 chromosome no 21 and normal number of other chromosome.
-Human with Down Syndrome have low IQ, short-stocky body, slanted eyes, protruding tongue and simian cleft in head.



ii)Polyploidy
-Polyploidy is presence of multiple haploid number of chromosome in cell/genome. This organism may have 3n, 4n or higher haploid number.

~Autopolyploidy
-Autopolyploidy species originate from spontaneous or induced duplication of the genome of a single species. (eg: 2n>4n)

~Allopolyploidy
-Allopoluploidy species orginate from concurrent hybridization and duplication of the genomes of different species.
Eg: Halophyte Grass, Spartina Anglica(2n=122)
-Hybridization between S.maritima(2n=60) and S. alterniflora(2n=62) produces a hybrid plant, S. townsendii(2n=61)
-Meiosis cannot occur in S.townsendii because homologous chromosomes pairs are not present.
-Since reproductive cells(gamates) cannot be produced in S.townsendii, it is sterile and can only reproduce asexually through mitosis.
-Total non disjunction occurs during mitosis in the hybrid plant producing tetraploid, Spartina anglica (2n=122)
-Spartina Anglica can reproduce sexually because homologous pairs are present and meiosis can occur to produce haploid gamates
-Spartina Anglica is more fertile than its parental species

Introduction to Mutation

-Mutation is spontaneous and random change to genetic contents of an organism or cells.
-New Genetic materials produced by mutations are called mutants, which can exist as mutant genes, mutant organelles or mutant organism.
-Only mutation occurring in gamate cells can be inherited.


Spontaneous Mutation is a mutation that occurs naturally. It's rate is very low.


Induced mutation is caused by mutagens.
-Mutagens are substances tha cause mutations or increase mutation rate.
-Mutagens are classified into 2 groups: Chemical and Physical mutagens.

1. Chemical mutagens:
-Chemical Modifications of Purine and Pyrimidine bases by altering their hydrogen bonding properties. Eg: Nitrous acid converts cytosine to uracil.
-Base Analogs - chemically resemble a nucleotide base - can be incorporated into the place of natural base in DNA during DNA replication.
-Prevents formation of Spindle Fibres -Colchicine.

2. Physical Mutagens:
-Ultraviolet radiation - causes adjacent Thymine bases on the same DNA strand to covalently bond together.
-Ionizing radiation - ionizes molecules to form radicals - can break DNA and alter purine and pyrimidine bases.

Is not easy to Talk

90 days left to STPM.

Ok, let's see, many people had left their blog death these days, including me.
Is like there's a period of 'hotness' where everyone was very 'hardworking' to update their blog and when the graph reached the peak, it falls.

I found that most of the people hardly understand what I am talking.
In most of the normal conversation that I had with people, I found that their reply to what I said doesn't 'match'.
I don't know is whether I don't understand what other people are saying or the other party do not understand me.
I guess is my problem, cause 'most' of the other people didn't get my meaning.
And sometimes, I also don't understand what they saying.

I have problem in using word to express what I want to say.
Always I have something that I want to say but due to 'don't know how to say', at last I just forget it.
Or sometimes I use too long time to think what I want to say, and after I got the sentence, the matter is over, what left inside my head will be just a crap.
Or in another condition is, I desperately want to tell out what I want to say to people, and due to the lack of the 'skill of expressing', people tend to misunderstand my meaning, they'll think that I have a hidden meaning behind my words but in actual what I said is what I meant, most of the time I am straightforward.

If you notice, I use a lot of inverted comma in my blog post.
That's one of the sign that show that I am always out of words, I don't know how to use the normal way to express out what I want to say.

I always will have the feeling that people will feel uncomfortable when they talk to me, they'll feel very 'pek che', cause the way of my talking is...hmm....don't know how to say....weird~

Yea, I notice that myself.

Do you understand what I am writing here?
Haha, don't need to crack your head if you don't understand. ><

HIV-AIDS

-AIDS is causd by Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) which attacks helper T lymphocytes or macropahges.
-It causes reduction in number of lymphocytes and macrophage causing loss of immunity.
-HIV is a retrovirus which contains 2 molecules of RNA as carrier of genetic material, surrounded by 2 layers of globular proteins and outermost lipoprotein layer.
-HIV also contains reverse transcriptase enzyme which converts RNA to DNA in cytoplasm of infected cell and integrase which integrates HIV DNA into host cell DNA.
-HIV survives in body fluids such as blood and seminal fluid.

Mechanism of Transmission:
-Sexual intercouse-seminal fluid, vagina fluid, from person to person.
-Blood-passes HIV particles or infected lymphocytes
.sharing of contaminated needle-drug addicts.
.contaminatred blood-through blood received by blood transfusion.
.wound to wound.
-Mother to foetus-through placenta ad mother's milk.

Symptoms:
-First sign-attack of cold-revoer in few days.
-Next 6 years-no signs of disease, then rapid loss of weight.
-Fever and sweating at night.
-Diarrhoea, tiredness.
-Oppurtunistic disease-cough, infection in mouth and sexual organs and Kaposi Sarcoma infect patient-soon patient dies.

Prevention:
-Protection during sexual intercouse-condom
-Limiting 1 sexual partner.
-Avoid sharing injection needle.
-Donated blood-screening for HIV to ensure HIV Free.
-Educate public on mode of transmision.

Mechanism of HIV infection:
-HIV binds to cd4 receptors at the surface of Th lymphocyte.
-Endocytosis-lipoprotein of lymphocyte and HIV fuse.
-Viral RNA and reverse transcriptase enzyme enter lymphocyte.
-Reverse Transcription of RNA into single strand DNA by reverse transcriptase enzyme occurs.
-Reverse Transcription of the other RNA produces single strand DNA that is complementary the other single strand DNA produced.
-The 2 single strand DNA are bind to form viral DNA known as provirus.
-Provirus enters nuclues and incorporated into DNA of the host cell.
-Each time host DNA replicates, provirus replicates.
-Provirus stays dormant for about 6 years.
-Then transcription of provirus occurs forming mRNA.
-mRNA produced is then translated to synthesis viral proteins.
-Viral particles formed in the infected cells.
-Through lysis of T lymphocytes, HIV virus is liberated.
-Virus spreads to all Th cell, killing the T cells-lower amount of T cells then destroy infected persons immune system.
-Oppurtunistic disease such as Kaposi Sarcoma occurs.

Antibody Mediated Imminity Response-B cell

-B cells are formed in bone marrow and usually matures in lymph nodes or in blood circulation.
-The B cells matures by forming B cell receptors.
-B cells receptor are formed by attachment of antibodies to plasma membrane with the antigen binding sites facing outwards.
-The B cells migrate to blood circulation until it encounters pathogen that have complementary antigen with its B-cell receptor.
-Phagocytosis of the pathogen occurs.
-The pathogens are broken down into smaller pieces known as antigen by action of hydrolytic enzyme..
-The antigens are attached to MHC to form antigen-MHC complex on the outer surface of plasma membrane.

-The B cell then attaches to Th cell that has complementary TCR with its antigen-MHC complex.
-The attachment occurs between antigen-MHC complex of B cell with TCR of Th cell.
-In this process, B cell acts on antigen presenting cell (APC).

-The T cell secrete INterleukin 2 (IL2).
-The Th cell divides to form memory cells and large number of effector Th cells which secrete more IL2.
-IL2 stimulate the B cells to divide through mitosis to form memory cells and large number of plasma cells/effector B cells.
-Plasma cells secrete large quantity of antibodies into blood circulation.
-The antibodies are then used to attack and destroy specific type of antigen in body.

-Eg of antibody action are antitoxin, complement fixation, opsonisation, precipatation and agglutination.

Cell Mediated Immunity response-T cells

-T-cells are formed in bone marrow and mature in thymus gland by forming specific type of T cell receptor (TCR) on outer surface of plasma membrane.

-3 types of T cell with specific type are produced from thymus gland:
.T helper cell (Th)
.T cytotoxic cell (Tc)
.T suppressor cell (Ts)
-Macrophage that is involved in 2nd line of body defense mechanism does phagocytosis of pathogen.
-The pathogen are destroyed in cell through action of hydrolytic enzyme released by lysosome.
-Smaller pieces of pathogen known as antigen is bind to Major Histo-Compatibility Complex(MHC) to form antigen-MHC complex.
-The antigen-MHC complex is attached to outer surface of plasma membrane to enable the macrophage to function as antigen presenting cell (APC)
-When APC encounter Th cell that has complementary TCR to its antigen-MHC complex, the APC binds to the Th cell.

-Then, the APC secretes Interleukin 1 (IL1)
-IL1 stimulates Th cells to secrete Interleukin 2 (IL2)
-Secretion of IL2 stimulates the Th cell to divide through mitosis to form memory cells and large number of effector Th cells.
-Effector Th cell secretes more IL2.
-Increase in IL2 concentration stimulates mitosis cell division of Tc cell that have the same type of TCR with the Th cell.
-Tc cell divide to form memory cells and large number of effector Tc Cells.
-Effector Tc cells scouts for cells that are infected with the same type of pathogen.
-Cells that are infected are recognized by identification of antigen-MHC complex on plasma membrane of infected cells.

-The effector Tc cells binds complementarilary to the complex on plasma membrane of effector cell, it then secretes perforin.
-Perforin arranges on plasma membrane of infected cells, peforation of plasma membrane of infected cell occurs, lysis of the infected cells occurs.
-The effector Tc cells then scouts for other infected cells that have same type if antigen-MHC complex.

-Once immunity is achinved, Ts cell suppress action of Tc and Th cells.
-The binding occurs between MHC complex on APC with TCR on Th cell.

Immunity, Antibody, Antigen and Epitote

Immunity
-is the ability to produce lymphocytes or antibodies to destroy efficiently specific foreign substances such as antigens that has been detected by body.

Antibodies
-are specific proteins produced by B lymphocytes as as response to specific antigens detected in body.
-specific antibodies bind with specific antigens before the antigens are destroyed.
-Characteristics of antibodies:
.Each called Immunoglobulin-water soluble globular protein.
.Structure is 'Y' Shaped.
-Each molecule of antibody composes of:
.2 identical heavy chains (H chains) that are linked by disulphide bonds.
.2 identical light chains (L chains), each linked by disulphide bond to one H chains.
-Lower portion of the molecule is constant while 2 tips are variable.
-Both variable parts are antigen binding sites-each can bind specifically to same type of antigen like 'lock and key'.
-Immunoglobulin are divided into 5 groups: Immunoglobulin M, A, D, G, E.

Antigens
-foreign substances that stimulate the production of lymphocytes or antibodies in body specifically destroy them.
-Characteristics of antigens:
.Antigens are macromolecules-protein/polysaccharides/cojugated protein.
.Found on surface of micro-organisms, plasma membrane or as free molecules.
.Proteins produced in the same body cannot act as antigens but when it is transferred into another organism's body, they act as antigens.

Epitopes
-Small specific parts of a larger antigen which can bind with specific antibody.
-Characteristics of epitopes:
.Epitopes-antigenic determinant-may be more than one on an antigen.
.Each epitopes has specific configuration composed of certain side chains of amino acids or sugar.
-Bacteria-have more surface antigens-more epitopes-each epitopes capable of causing a specific antibody to bind with them.
-Viruses have fwer surface angtigens-fewer Epitopes.
-Macrophage that phagocytosise bacteria and viruses cuts its antigens into smaller epitopes which are then presented on the surface of the cell antigen-MHC complex for recognition by lymphocytes.